Geology
The geology of western Montana is focused primarily on the study of seismic activity, mineral extraction, and understanding historical geological events. From predicting earthquakes to keeping miners safe, Montana geologists ate busy using starting of the art techniques to better understand the landscape of "Big Sky" country.
Montana, particularly western Montana, is one of the most seismically active States in the U.S. Since 1925, there have been five shocks that have rates VIII or higher on the Modified Mercalli Scale. The closest fault line to Missoula is the Bitterroot Fault. Scientists continually monitor the area to determine earthquake risk.
Montana ranks very high in production ranking for a number of important commodities. It is the only State to have mine production in primary palladium and platinum. It ranks first in production of talc, second in bentonite, and continues to do well in mining precious metals and gemstones.
In addition to studying tectonic plates and mineral deposits, geologists are fascinated with the lasting implications of prehistoric geological events that occurred during the last ice age in western Montana. Flooding caused by the disintegration of Glacial Lake Missoula cut distinct fissures across the western portion of the State, as well as across Idaho, Washington, and Oregon. Near Missoula, visitors can still see vertical indentures in the hillside that mark ancient shorelines.